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Destinations

India

This is a country travellers fantasize about – exotic, oriental, ancient India. It is also modern, booming, chaotic India. Between the two lies a wealth of delights – the charm of a golden civilisation still alive and kicking after centuries and to be glimpsed as you turn the corner of a palace or a fort; as you hear the sweetness of the flute in the misty northern hills and the deep rhythm of the sitar at a mesmerizing performance; as you drive past the captivating sound of temple bells that ring out loud amidst the noise of a daily ritual prayer; as you wander into monuments adorned with precious stones – unguarded, still splendid; as you lie deeply relaxed drifting to music, massaged by the strong yet gentle touch of Ayurveda healers.

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This is a country travellers fantasize about – exotic, oriental, ancient India. It is also modern, booming, chaotic India. Between the two lies a wealth of delights – the charm of a golden civilisation still alive and kicking after centuries and to be glimpsed as you turn the corner of a palace or a fort; as you hear the sweetness of the flute in the misty northern hills and the deep rhythm of the sitar at a mesmerizing performance; as you drive past the captivating sound of temple bells that ring out loud amidst the noise of a daily ritual prayer; as you wander into monuments adorned with precious stones – unguarded, still splendid; as you lie deeply relaxed drifting to music, massaged by the strong yet gentle touch of Ayurveda healers.

The wonder that is India never stops overwhelming your senses. It is not a country for the frail and the timid. Unpredictable, noisy, spiritual, peaceful, argumentative, complex, intelligent, emotional – a country that has seen and absorbed many invading and colonising cultures and has grown to a chaotic, vocal, economically booming and fiercely independent democracy that embraces both the poor beggar on the street and the ostentatious luxury brand in the mall. Commercialisation jostles with creativity and an ancient heritage and teachings already include and accept ultra-modern changes and a fast-paced evolution of ideas and inventions.

India offers the magnificence of a varied landscape that spreads itself out from the mystical Himalayas to the warm serenity of the backwaters, from the deep mysterious Sunderbans to the brilliant colours swirling around the deserts of Kutch. Travel here takes you from country-sized bustling cities to forgotten mud-hut villages around rich monuments in locations where empires once existed.

A trip to India is what travel stories are made of. It’s not just the places and the sightseeing that travellers relish, but also the festivals, the art and craft, the people, the cuisines, and of course, the shopping. And we haven’t even talked about the warmth, hospitality and friendliness yet.

North

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North

Opulent in every which way, North India is usually the entry point for a trip to India and has many must-see destinations – it is the India of every traveler’s fantasy. Stretched out at the feet of the towering majesty of the Himalayas, encompassing the high mountain cities at the roof of the world, the verdant flood plains of the river Ganges as well as the arid gold of the western desert, North India presents a vibrant cultural kaleidoscope. From capital Delhi’s rich past and thriving present, from the eternal Taj Mahal to the royal grandeur of Rajasthan, the monumental architecture here is redolent of the creative genius of successive historical era. A large and historically tumultuous region, it has always been a magnetic draw for travelers throughout its history, many of them invaders who brought with them cultures and customs that are still dazzlingly woven into the fabric of Indian life today.

Central

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Central

Stretching from beyond the mighty Narmada River to the fringes of the Western Ghats, a transitional zone between the Gangetic lowlands in the north and the high Deccan plateau to the south – the heart of India is endowed with abundant natural beauty, peppered with a dose of medieval Hinduism, dotted with rugged wilderness, and infused with rich tribal arts and culture. The caves spread across Bhimbetka’s vast expanse have paintings that reveal secrets of some of our earliest ancestors. Most of the marauding armies that have swept across the subcontinent over the last two millennia passed through this corridor, leaving conspicuous marks on it. Its array of exceptional attractions ranges from cascading waterfalls, virgin forests, spiritual stupas, timeless temples and hilltop forts to some of India’s best tiger reserves.

South

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South

South India is different in texture, in its taste, sounds, smells and colours. Everything is richer and yet more simple, if you can grasp that essential Indian paradox. It is traditional and seeped in a quiet Dravidian heritage and culture that has remained remarkably unaffected despite a very ancient trade through its splendid seaports, and contact with foreign people and cultures – the Phoenicians, Arabs, Romans and Chinese. You cannot but help appreciate the simple integrity yet extraordinary richness of the region, with its changing landscape of the high Deccan Plateau, the rugged but forested hills and coastal Ghats, the lush green fields of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, the surreal beauty of the Kerala backwaters, the long stretches of beach stepping out of thick coconut palm and bamboo plantations – serene, gentle and beautiful.

East

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East

The East of India is an area of improbable diversity, one of the last frontiers that have much to reward the intrepid traveller, reaching from the Himalayas to the Bay of Bengal, along the wild mangroves and swamps of the Sundarbans. An ancient center of learning, this is where Mahavira and the Buddha preached an alternate, gentler way of life; the Emperor Ashoka looked out onto the futility of death and destruction he had wrought on Kalinga and chose to propagate the way of peace; the British metamorphosed from traders to supreme rulers of India; and the incredibly rich hinterland directed the industrialization of an independent nation. The Nobel laureate, poet, philosopher and artist Rabindra Nath Tagore’s imprint is writ large all over West Bengal. The archipelago of the Andaman & Nichobar Islands known for their unspoiled beach is at the junction of the Bay of Bengal. And in the region even today, the many distinctive tribal people live their lives, their culture alive and well, enduring beyond the flow and flux of changes.

North East

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North East

The North East region comprises of nearly 8 per cent of the total geographic area of the country. Obscured from the greater world by ageless forests and formidable mountain ranges, the eight states of North East are natural blessing and anthropological sanctuaries, each with its own unique cultural flavour. Along with its picturesque locations, it has a wide range of rare and endemic species living in its nurturing lap and the region forms a major part of Indo Burma biodiversity hotspot. The infinite variety of its geographic setting, its topography, its varied flora and fauna and avian life, the history of its people and the variety of its ethnic communities and their rich heritage of ancient traditions and lifestyles, festivals and crafts — all make it a holiday wonderland that’s just begging to be discovered afresh.

West

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West

The west region is bounded by the Arabian Sea to its west and the Gangetic Plains to its east. It is the most heterogeneous of India’s regions, abundant in natural resources; palm fringed beaches, misty forests, desolate salt plains, ancient temples & caves and home to the nomadic tribes. It has within its ambit, the birthplace of Mahatma Gandhi, the genius who gave peace a new potential and it is replete with the heroism and martial acts of Shivaji and other Maratha kings. Commercially it includes some of the most progressive regions defined by multitude of influence apparent in its economic progress. The evidence of trade with central Asia during Harappan times, discovered in Lothal, dates back 3500 years. The rock cut caves at Ajanta and Ellora eloquently record the earliest mingling of faiths. Goa’s golden coastline is magnet for visitors and Mumbai, gateway of India is the financial centre and principal port on the Arabian Sea.

Useful Information

Passport, Visa and Vaccination   |   Airport and Baggage   |   Climate and Clothing   |   Getting Around

Nepal

Nepal is the land of mountains and monasteries. This landlocked country has the perfect fusion of nature and culture. Picturesque Himalayan range in the North, roaring rivers making their way through the hills to the plains, lush green paddy fields and quaint little villages everywhere, its scenic beauty will leave lasting image on your mind.

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Nepal is the land of mountains and monasteries. This landlocked country has the perfect fusion of nature and culture. Picturesque Himalayan range in the North, roaring rivers making their way through the hills to the plains, lush green paddy fields and quaint little villages everywhere, its scenic beauty will leave lasting image on your mind.

Nepal definitely is the ultimate destination for those who prefer to stay closer to nature and immerse themselves in various cultures. From rugged trails to scenic views, from rafting on swollen rivers to sighting wild animals in their natural habitat, it offers a rush of adrenaline for every nature-loving adventure seeker on its diverse array of landscapes. Dotted by medieval city squares, temples and monasteries, the capital city Kathmandu enjoys a rich tapestry of cultures blending to form a national identity. Kathmandu Valley has several UNESCO World Heritage Sites and serves as the country’s cultural metropolis since the unification of Nepal in the 18th Century.

People of Nepal are known for their hospitality, friendliness, and warm nature. Always welcoming to their guests, Nepalese people consider guests as a god, so be ready to be treated with uttermost respect and kindness in every place you travel.

Mid-Hill

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Mid-Hill

The Midlands (600m – 3,500m), enjoy a temperate climate and the land here is far more fertile than in the upper Himalayan region. In this region lie the valleys of Kathmandu and Pokhara along with other cultural destinations such as Bandipur, Gorkha Tansen and Nuwakot. A twenty minute drive in any direction from the valley leads to countless viewpoints, traditional villages and hidden temples that are linked by trail-heads make their way from one destination to the other. Kathmandu is the gateway to tourism in Nepal and a short trip to Nagakot or Dhulikhel offers panoramic views of the Himalayas. The Midlands and lower Himalaya form the largest part of the country occupying about 68 percent of total land area.

Tarai

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Tarai

The plains of Nepal are known as the Tarai (60m – 305m) and further north the Siwalik (700m – 1,500 m) and the Mahabharat range (1,500m – 2,700m) give way to the Duns (valleys). Along this belt lay the Chitwan National Park, Bardia National Park, Shukla Phanta Wildlife Reserve and the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve which harbour an amazing variety of wildlife including endangered species such as the elusive Royal Bengal tiger, the One-horned rhinoceros and Gangetic dolphins along with rare species of birds. The Tarai region occupies about 17 percent of total land area.

Himalaya

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Himalaya

With eight of the world’s highest mountains in the country, Nepal is a mountaineer’s paradise. The Nepal Himalaya is the most formidable mountain range in the world with nearly a third of the country lying above the elevation of 3,500m. Eight of the world’s highest peaks lie within Nepal’s territory: Everest, Kanchenjunga, Lhotse, Makalu, Cho Oyu, Dhaulagiri, Manaslu and Annapurna, which are all over 8,000m above sea level. The Himalaya region occupies about 15 percent of total land area.

Useful Information

Passport, Visa and Vaccination   |   Airport and Baggage   |   Climate and Clothing   |   Getting Around

Bhutan

Bhutan is a religious heartland with lovely temples, monasteries and forested hills. Every nook and corner is an object of beauty.

As one travels through Bhutan, colours become very prominent. The festivals display colourful textiles. Art and architecture are done in a variety of colours. The fauna and flora are visual feasts. The landscape itself is a paradise of colours. On a larger side, the significance of colours in Bhutan are categorised under three important divisions of the Bhutanese society- Cosmology, Astrology and Buddhist teachings.

The charming mountain kingdom of Bhutan is the only country in the world to measure—and strive to improve-its citizens’ Gross National Happiness.

Mongar –
Eastern Bhutan

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Mongar – Eastern Bhutan

Mongar is a small town situated atop a hill rather than within a valley. This town is considered the main trade and travel hub of eastern Bhutan. The landscape is spectacular with stark cliffs and deep gorges set amidst dense conifer forests. The region is known for its weavers and textiles, and fabrics produced here are considered some of the best in the country. Mongar, with its population of 3000 people is perfect place to explore on foot. Its main street, clean and wide, is lined with traditionally painted stone buildings with wooden facades and verandas and is very pleasant for an leisurely evening stroll .Mongar is noted for its lemon grass, a plant that can be used to produce an essential oil. It also has a hydro power plant on the Kuri Chhu river. In the past, this region was known as the bastion of the Zhongarps as it produced some of the finest administrators in the country whose descendants still continue to play an active part in the political scene of Bhutan.

Trashigang –
Eastern Bhutan

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Trashigang – Eastern Bhutan

Trashigang, “The Jewel of the East”, spans the easternmost corners of the kingdom, skirting up to the edge of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. It is the country’s largest district, with an altitude ranging from 600 m to over 4000 m. Bhutan’s largest river, Dangme Chhu, flows through this district. Trashigang town is set on a scenic hillside and was once a bustling trade centre for merchants looking to barter their goods in Tibet. Today, it is the junction of the East-West highway with road connections to Samdrup Jongkhar and the Indian state of Assam. Trashigang town is also the principle market place for the semi-nomadic people of Merak and Sakteng, whose unique way of dressing stands out from the ordinary Bhutanese Gho and Kira.

Trashigang is home to the Sakteng Wildlife Sanctuary. The Sakteng Wildlife Sanctuary, one of ten protected areas of Bhutan, was created in part to protect the migoi, a type of yeti, in whose existence most Bhutanese believe. The sanctuary covers the eastern third of the district (the gewogs of Merak and Sakteng), and is connected via biological corridor to Khaling Wildlife Sanctuary in Samdrup Jongkhar District to the south. The traditional architecture and narrow streets in Trashigang town give a quaint and cosy feel. The entire town can be explored on foot.

Trashigang is a 2 night destination from where a day excursion to Trashiyangste is proposed, another delightful quaint town of Bhutan.

Trashiyangtse –
Eastern Bhutan

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Trashiyangtse – Eastern Bhutan

One of the newest ddistricts in the country, Trashi yangtse was established as a distinct district in 1992 and spans 1,437 sq. km of subtropical and alpine forests. With its wealth of natural, historical and cultural resources Trashi yangtse is a destination that visitors to Bhutan will never forget.

Trashiyangtse is an ethnically and culturally diverse district.The people of the region have developed incredible skill at woodworking and paper making. The items they produce such as traditional wooden bowls are prized throughout the country. It contains a major art school, the School of Traditional Arts, which is a sister school of the School of Traditional Arts in Thimphu and teaches six forms of art; painting, pottery, wood sculpture, wood-turning, lacquer-work and embroidery.

Bumthang –
Central Bhutan

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Bumthang – Central Bhutan

Bumthang has an individuality that charms its visitors and separates it from other regions. Comprising of four smaller valleys, Tang, Ura, Choekhor and Chumey, the deeply spiritual region of Bumthang is surrounded in religious legends. These fertile valleys are covered in fields of buckwheat, rice and potatoes. Apple orchards and dairy farms are also common sights here. This serene region is one of the most peaceful and beautiful places in the kingdom.

Bumthang is the religious heartland of the nation and home to some of its oldest Buddhist temples and monasteries. Tales of Guru Padmasambhava and the tertons (“religious treasure-discoverers”) still linger in this sacred region.

Gangtey –
Western Bhutan

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Gangtey – Western Bhutan

The valley of Gangtey is one of the most beautiful spots in Bhutan. This wide and flat valley without any trees is a surprise to find after a difficult climb through dense forests and a rare experience in Bhutan, where most of the valleys are tightly enclosed.

At an elevation of 3,000 metres on the western slopes of the Black Mountains, it is one of Bhutan’s few glacial valleys. A designated conservation area, it is the winter home of the endangered black-necked crane. The residents of the valley have garnered much acclaim for their conservation efforts to preserve the habitat of these beautiful birds.

Thimpu –
Western Bhutan

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Thimphu – Western Bhutan

The Kingdom’s capital city is home to approximately 100,000 inhabitants including the Royal family. This bustling little city is the main center of commerce, religion and government in the country. Thimphu is the most modern city in Bhutan with an abundance of restaurants, internet cafes, nightclubs and shopping centers, however, it still retains its cultural identity and values amidst the signs of modernisation.

Thimphu is one of the few towns in Bhutan that have been equipped with ATM banking facilities and is a good place to stock up on some currency. Thimphu is the only capital city in the world that does not use traffic lights. Instead a few major intersections have policemen standing in elaborately decorated booths, directing traffic with exaggerated hand motions. The juxtaposition of ancient tradition and modernity make Thimphu the ideal location for visitors to break away from their tour itinerary and just immerse themselves in the lifestyle of contemporary Bhutanese.

There are several attractions in Thimphu such as the National Post Office, the Clock Tower Square, the Motithang Takin Preserve, Tango and Chari Monasteries, Buddha Dordenma, National Memorial Chorten, Centenary Farmer’s Market, Semtokha Dzong to name a few. These form the most important tourist attractions in the capital city.

Paro –
Western Bhutan

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Paro – Western Bhutan

Paro valley extends from the confluence of the Paro Chhu and the Wang Chhu rivers at Chuzom up to Mt. Jomolhari at the Tibetan border to the North. This picturesque region is one of the widest valleys in the kingdom and is covered in fertile rice fields and has a beautiful, crystalline river meandering down the valley.

One can enjoy nature at its best along with a peaceful environment. However, apart from the main street, which is constructed of traditional wooden structures, the bazaar area comprises of concrete buildings all over the place.
Some of the cultural landmarks of Paro include the Paro Dzong, the national museum, the Takstang Monastery and the Cheri Lang monastery. The Takstang’s Monastery also known Tiger’s Nest hangs on a cliff at 3,120 metres – built on a the location where Guru Rinpoche is believed to have landed on the back of a tiger! To get there, one has to climb up to 3000 meters to the vantage points, then take cliff-hanging steps down to a narrow bridge across the gorge and then ascend a few hundred odd steps to the monastery.

Punakha –
Western Bhutan

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Punakha – Western Bhutan

Punakha district is in the east of Bhutan’s capital city, Thimphu. The name has been acquired from the word Pungthan-kha which means ‘the gathering ground’. The Dzong (fortress like building) stands at the confluence of the two rivers that flow through the valley. The structure does look like piles of debris gathered by the rivers. Hence the name’gathering ground’. Officially, the Dzong here is named Punthang Dewachengi Phodrang. The crude translation would mean ‘the blissful castle at the gathering ground’. The Dzong was consecrated in 1637 as the seat of spiritual lpower of Bhutan and it served as the capital until the 1950s. The Monastic Body of Bhutan still considers Punakha as their winter capital and every year they migrate from Thimphu to their winter residence on the 1st day of the 10thBhutanese month. On the way, thousands of devotees wait at different places to receive their blessings. They spend six months in Punakha before moving back to Thimphu on the first day of the fourth Bhutanese month.

It takes two hours to drive to Punakha from Thimphu. Some tourists make day excursions from the capital but most like to spend at least two nights there.

Punakha Valley is almost subtropical. The birdlife is very rich with highlight being the white-bellied heron. This heron is Asia’s largest and endangered. Only few hundreds are left in the world. Many migratory aquatic birds do visit the valley in winter months. Blessed with sub-tropical vegetation, many varieties of insects thrive here. The valley does have reptiles too that includes the King cobra. Of bigger animals there are sightings of the Takin, the National Animal of Bhutan at the northern end of the region. Takins closely resemble the Musk Ox and migrate to lower pastures in winter.

Punakha is also the cultural heartland of western Bhutan. The first King of Bhutan was crowned at the Punakha Dzong in 1907. Henceforth, all crowning ceremonies are held at this Dzong. One of the most fascinating temples in Punakha is the Khamsum Yuelling and it has some exquisite wall frescoes. There are numerous temples, farmhouses and view points where one can go for day hikes.

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Sri Lanka

The name Sri Lanka means ‘resplendent land’ and the island nation truly lives up to the epithet. The capital, Colombo is a lively city and serves as the main port of Sri Lanka. It’s an interesting mix of the old and the new, both a commercial hub and a stronghold of the charms of the past. Like a gem hanging off the Indian subcontinent, this brilliant country holds far more than its size would have you believe, enough to have you coming back to it again and again. Breath-taking sands, lush green hills, teeming wildlife, mighty waterfalls, endless heritage and pilgrimage sites, it’s no wonder that Marco Polo described Sri Lanka as “the finest island of its size in the world.”

Anuradhapura

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Anuradhapura

Anuradhapura is the capital city of North Central Province, and one of the ancient capitals of Sri Lanka, famous for its well-preserved ruins of an ancient Sri Lankan civilization. The city lies 205 km north of the current capital Colombo in Sri Lanka’s North Central Province, on the banks of the historic Malvathu Oya. It is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world and one of the eight World Heritage Sites of Sri Lanka. It is believed that from the fourth century BC until the beginning of the 11th century AD it was the capital of the Sinhalese. During this period it remained one of the most stable and durable centers of political power and urban life in South Asia. The ancient city, considered sacred to the Buddhist world, is today surrounded by monasteries covering an area of over sixteen square miles.

Colombo

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Colombo

Colombo, Sri Lanka‘s bustling commercial hub, is located on the country’s west coast and by far the country’s biggest city, as well as the most developed. Its natural harbour at the mouth of the Kelani River was a magnet for successive traders and conquerors – initially the Arab merchants, then Portuguese, Dutch and British imperialists. The city is a jarring mix of old and new, with a central cluster of high-rise office blocks and hotels overshadowing red-tiled colonial-era buildings and sprawling street markets which overflow with high-piled fruit and vegetables, colourful silks and cottons, and deliciously fragrant spices. Symbolic of Sri Lanka‘s multiethnic heritage: graceful Buddhist viharas (temples), for instance, stand close to extravagant temples encrusted with Hindu statuary, along with Muslim mosques with minarets scattered along Colombo’s streets. Colombo is a vibrant city with many restaurants offering global visitors amazing dining experiences and lively nightlife.

Galle

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Galle

The seaside town of Galle is 116 km away from Colombo by road or rail, down the south coast of Sri Lanka. Galle has a rich history dating back to the era where Cinnamon was traded by the Arab traders in the 8th century. Galle flourished in during the 18th century where the Dutch developed the Portuguese established fort into a trading port in South Asia. The diversity of Galle along with its coastlines, the rich interiors and the typical southern lifestyle orbits around the “living fortress” which today is a UNESCO World Heritage site.

Habarana

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Habarana

Habarana is the central point of Sri Lanka’s cultural and historic triangle and the most convenient base for excursions to the Ancient historical cities. Located in the North Central province, 170 km from Colombo, it is connecting ancient capitals of Anuradhapura & Polonnaruwa and Sigiriya/Dambulla on the cultural triangle whilst being en route to Passikuka/Kalkuda and Trincomalee, the famous beaches on the Eastern seaboard. It is the starting point for safaris in the nearby Habarana jungle and the Minneriya sanctuary which is heavily populated by elephants.

Hatton

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Hatton / Dickoya

Hatton is a town in the Nuwara Eliya District of Central Province, governed by the Hatton-Dickoya Urban Council. It is approximately 83 km southeast of Colombo and 44 km south of Kandy and is situated at an elevation of 1,271 m above sea level. Hatton was founded during the British colonial times in order to serve the coffee and latter tea estates. The name of the town refers to the village in Aberdeenshire, Scotland. A number of the surrounding tea estates are also named after Scottish villages. Whilst Hatton serves as a gateway to Adam’s Peak and Sinharaja Forest Reserve, it is better known for its Ceylon tea plantations and industry.

Kandy

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Kandy

Kandy is one of the most scenic cities in Sri Lanka and lies in the midst of hills. It is the capital of the Central Province. It is both an administrative and religious city. Kandy is the second largest city in the country and is frequently visited by Buddhists especially of the Theravada School. Kandy is very famous among tourist for three main reasons: It is home to the sacred tooth relic of the Buddha (Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic; Dalada Maligawa ), The Botanical Gardens (located in Peradeniya) and it always has a special place when it comes to festivities such as the Esala Perahara.

Useful Information

Passport, Visa and Vaccination   |   Airport and Baggage   |   Climate and Clothing   |   Getting Around

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Passport, Visa and Vaccination

Passport

A valid passport (usually valid for 6 months after your trip) and valid visa is required for entry.

Visa

India offers an electronic tourist visa on arrival (TVoA) for 30 days/01 year/ 05 years. Applicants of the eligible countries may apply online minimum 4 days in advance of the date of arrival. For more information, please visit https://indianvisaonline.gov.in/visa/tvoa.html.

*Please note that visitors to Andaman Nichobar Island and parts of Sikkim require a special permit (restricted area permit) which you can apply for at the same time as your visa from Indian mission overseas.

Vaccination

Immunizations are not required to visit India. (Except: if you are traveling from an area infected with Yellow Fever, you must have a vaccination certificate). However, it is advisable to check the latest travel health advisories from your national health center.

Airport and Baggage

Airport

There are twenty nine airports in India that handle international flights. The Indira Gandhi International Airport of Delhi and the Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport of Mumbai alone handle more than half of the air traffic in the region.

India is the third largest domestic aviation market in the world, 114 airports are in operation. The primary domestic carriers are Air India, Vistara, IndiGo, SpiceJet, Go Air, and AirAsia.

Baggage

Most domestic airlines allow one carry on bag weighing 7 kg (15 lbs.), in addition to a ladies purse or a laptop bag and one checked bag at 15 kg (33 lbs.) for economy class passengers and 30 kg (66 lbs.) for business class passengers.

Climate and Clothing

Climate

The weather in India varies according to regions and season.

Winter: December – February, Summer: March – May, Monsoon: June – September, Autumn: October – November. Much of India is warmer in the days and cooler in the evenings. South India is generally hotter and more humid than that of North India due to its proximity to coastal areas. The Himalayan states, being more temperate, experience an additional season, spring, which coincides with the first weeks of summer in Southern India.

Clothing

When packing for travel to India, we suggest you select a wardrobe that is adaptable and allows for layering. As a rule of thumb, plain cotton, linen or cotton blend clothing is the most practical and is the coolest in summer. During the winter months, you may carry sweater and light jacket. Generally speaking, India is a conservative country, therefore, modesty in dress is recommended, especially in non-urban areas as clothing that is too short, tight, or revealing not only attract more attention than you’d like but can sometimes be shocking for the local people. A head cover may be required for women and men at certain sacred sites and places of worship.

It is a good idea to carry comfortable shoes and backpack, for day-long excursions. It can also be quite warm during sightseeing, but using sun protection, wearing a hat and sunglasses and staying hydrated at all times can help minimize the impact of the weather.

We advise you to carry high performance mosquito repellent on your trip to India.

Considering the weight restrictions of checked-in baggage on economy class travel in India, it would be a good idea to fit everything into a single piece of checked-in luggage.

Getting Around

Travel Insurance and Medical

We recommend that travelers obtain international travel health insurance, having medical insurance is highly advisable in order to obtain the best services and healthcare during your trip, should you need any. Medical facilities in most big Indian cities are of a good standard. Most hotels have a doctor on call to attend to your immediate medical needs.

Money

The official currency of India is the Indian Rupee (Rs). You can exchange International currency for Indian Rupees on arrival at the airports or at the cash desk at your hotel. You must present your passport whenever you change currency or travelers checks. Please retain a copy of the exchange certificate, as you will need it to convert Rupees back to your home currency. When exchanging currency, do not accept torn or faded Rupee, as the notes may not be accepted by other merchants during future transactions.

If you are bringing foreign currency over US $ 10,000, it must be declared at the Indian Custom authorities at the airport upon arrival into the country.

Modern 24-hour ATMs are found in most large towns and cities. You can withdraw up to Rs 10,000 per day, subject to cash availability at ATMs. Most retail shops, restaurants and hotels accept major credit and debit cards including Visa, MasterCard, and American Express. Away from major towns, be prepared to pay cash at small shops and local markets.

Staying connected

India’s network operates on a GSM protocol. You can expect mobile phone coverage, except in very remote rural areas. Internet cafes abound in urban areas and many hotels offer WIFI services to their guests. However, only select hotels offer complimentary WIFI in public areas and that most hotels provide internet on a chargeable basis. You can purchase a local prepaid local number/SIM card on arrival at the airport or from local mobile phone stores against an identity proof – a photocopy of passport and passport size photo. Recharge facilities are easily available across the country.

India’s country code is +91.
India’s time zone is GMT+5:30.

Nepal’s country code is +977.
Nepal’s time zone is GMT+5:45.

Charging your device

The hotels in India use 220-230v, 50 Hz, alternating current as power source. Plug types with 2 round pins (type C) or 3 round pins (type D), are the most common. If you bring electrical devices that do not meet these standards, you may need to bring the appropriate converters and adapters.

Shopping

India is a shopping heaven as colours, cultures and curious buys greet you at every turn. There’s a wide range of options, from state emporiums that offer quality ensured goods to privately owned boutiques and stores for unique collection of artifacts. Larger items, such as carpets and furniture, can usually be shipped to your home country, but the items may be subject to any applicable import duties. Please ask for estimates before buying. Shopping suggestions for individual cities are available upon request. If you do not want to shop, you are welcome to inform your guide accordingly. For any further assistance, your guide will always be at your disposal. One can bargain in most privately run shops, especially at local markets.

Please beware of touts who approach you to try and sell something with a verbal guarantee of quality or an “amazing price.

Safety

India is generally a safe country as long as all precautions are taken to avoid any inconvenience. As with any international travel, visitors should be aware of their surroundings and vigilant of personal belongings, especially in crowded areas.

Food and Drink

If there’s one catch-all characteristic of Indian cuisine, it’s complexity. The food culture of the country has been influenced by the diversity that varies with every region, state, community, culture and even religion – food in India is a vibrant assortment of uncountable dishes. The staple meal of India, has, at its core, roti (whole-wheat flatbread) or rice, and dal, a lentil-based stew. To make a full meal, these basic elements are usually accompanied by any combination of vegetable dishes, sometimes a meat, chicken, fish or seafood-based dish; and an array of condiments and garnishes. While many traditional dishes are spicy for the average western palate, much of the cuisine is very spicy, but not necessarily hot, just flavorful. Desserts tend to be very sweet. We make every effort to include reliable, reputed restaurants that follow high standards of hygiene in your itinerary. If travelers have sensitive stomachs, it is advisable to acquire the help of your local guide when deciding on a dish.

Tap water in India is not recommended. It is safer to drink the bottled water and it is advisable to refrain from ice. To help aid plastic waste, we would encourage travelers to opt for reusable filter bottles. Tea (cha-i) is popular in the north, while those in the south more often enjoy coffee (with condensed milk). The rules governing alcohol vary from state to state. In particular, some hotels in the southern states do not hold a license to sell alcohol. Also, dry days are specific days when the sale of alcohol is banned. National holidays are usually dry days throughout India.

Gratuities

Tipping is always at your discretion, although it is a common practice in most holiday destinations. It is a way of saying thank you to someone who has given good service or for a job well done. It is also an important source of income for people working in the tourism industry, whether it is the driver, local guide, porter, hotel staff or in local bars and restaurants as well as anyone who provides a direct service. We can give you a guideline to help you determine how much and when to be prepared to tip.

People

India is home to over a billion people, accommodating incredible cultural diversity between languages, geographic regions, religious traditions and social stratifications. Indians are friendly and exceptionally hospitable.

In India, public and private spaces are often densely populated. This influences how the idea of privacy is understood, there is a very large cultural tolerance for crowding. Several generations often live under one roof, and it is not uncommon to find animals such as cows or dogs freely roaming in public areas.

Language

English is widely spoken in India, especially in areas that are used to tourists, though accents and grammar may vary considerably. Hindi is the most widely spoken language in the country, but it also has regional variations and accents. There are 22 major languages & 544 dialects spoken in India in addition to English.

Religion

Religion has historically influenced Indian society on a political, cultural and economic level. Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism and Jainism all emerged out of India. Moreover, while a majority of people in India identify as Hindu (79.8%), the medley of religions that exist within the country continually impact contemporary society.

General Etiquette

Traditionally, women don’t touch men in India when meeting and greeting them. A handshake, which is a standard western gesture, can be misinterpreted as something more intimate if coming from a woman. The same goes for touching a man, even just briefly on the arm, while speaking to him. Greeting with ‘Namaste’ (placing both hands together with a slight bow) is appreciated and shows respect for Indian customs.

Modesty in dress is recommended, particularly in rural areas. Don’t wear tight or revealing clothing.

Public display of affection is considered in bad taste in many parts of the country.

It is customary to remove your shoes when entering a private home in addition to places of worship. Some religious sites may also require either females (Muslim mosques) or both genders (Sikh gurdwaras) to cover their head, exposed legs or shoulder.

People wash their hands thoroughly prior to dining and often eat with the right hand. The left hand is considered unclean and is generally not used to eat or to handle food and money.

The soles of one’s feet should never be pointed at another person, towards a temple or towards a deity.

Indians tend to be inquisitive – don’t be offended by odd or sometimes even intrusive questions from a complete stranger, these are considered polite conversations.

It’s polite to ask permission if taking pictures of the locals.

It is common to be offered a cup of chai (spiced tea) when visiting someone’s home or occasionally when visiting a shop. 

Sightseeing

Most religious sites prefer that you dress modestly. As a cultural norm, you may need to remove your footwear, leather belts, pouches and sometimes advised to cover your head, exposed legs or shoulders depending on your attire.

Public toilet, facilities at monuments and sites are not always up to western standards. Please take advantage of facilities in your hotel or restaurants along your trip.

Photography and Videography

Some religious sites prohibit the use of cameras for photography / videography. Others, charge a fee for using still or video cameras. Your guide will help you with procuring tickets for using cameras.

Local transport

Travelling around India is relatively easy by road, train and air.

Buses, cycle-rickshaws, auto rickshaws, e-rickshaws, tempos, taxis, horse-drawn carts (Tonga), metros and urban trains provide transport around Indian cities.

Taxis in India are affordable, but you’ll have to bargain a fare. Ola and Uber are the most popular ride-sharing apps for local transport. Seat belts are not common in local transport.

Distances between sites and cities in India can be extensive. The sheer density of traffic mean than some journeys can be much longer that you would expect of a similar length journey in your home country.

Travelling by train is a quintessential Indian experience but train journeys can be challenging, from crowded stations to unpleasant restrooms. However they do offer a truly unique look at life in India. We highly recommend using our transfer representative to safely navigate entering/exiting the station. There are generally three classes of seating: 1st class A/C, 2nd class (A/C or non-A/C), and 3rd class non – A/C. Trains are available for both day and overnight journeys and we only recommend air-conditioned coaches, for convenience and comfort. If you are particularly discerning, train travel can be a sensory overload.

There are no trolleys at most train stations, and luggage is carried by yourself or a porter.

Passport, Visa and Vaccination

Passport

A valid passport (usually valid for 6 months after your trip) is required for entry.

Visa

Nepal visa can be obtained at Nepal Embassy or Diplomatic Mission or ‘On-arrival’ at entry-point Immigration Offices. Presentation of a valid passport, one passport size photo and fees mentioned below are required. Multiple entry tourist visas can be obtained from the immigration counter upon arrival at Tribhuvan International Airport, Kathmandu for 15/30/90 day visas at US$30/50/125 respectively. For more information, please visit https://www.immigration.gov.np/page/tourist-visa.

Vaccination

Immunizations are not required to visit Nepal. (Except: if you are traveling from an area infected with Yellow Fever, you must have a vaccination certificate). However, it is advisable to check the latest travel health advisories from your national health center.

Airport and Baggage

Airport

Nepal’s only international airport is Tribhuvan International Airport (TIA), located in the capital city of Kathmandu.

Nepal Airlines, the national carrier has an extensive network of air services to major parts of the country, 34 domestic airports are in operation. Other domestic airlines such as Buddha Air, Yeti Air and others (more than 18 in operation) provide regular and chartered services to popular domestic destinations. Some of these airlines also offer mountain flights.

Baggage

Baggage allowances on domestic carriers vary depending on whether or not you’re flying into the mountains where weight is a factor. Most domestic airlines allow one carry on bag / hand carry weighing 5 kg (11 lbs.), and one checked bag at 20-25 kg (44-55 lbs.) for passengers.

Climate and Clothing

Climate

Climatic conditions within Nepal vary in accordance with the geographical features. In the north, summers are cool and winters are severe, while in the south, summers are hot while winters are mild to cold. The monsoon that brings rain from June through September affects most of the country, except places like Manang and Mustang that fall in the rain-shadow behind the mountains and are mostly dry. Nepal has five seasons: spring, summer, monsoon, autumn and winter.

Average temperatures in Nepal drop 6°C for every 1,000 m you gain in altitude. There is no seasonal constraint on traveling in and through Nepal. Even in December and January, when winter is at its severest, there are compensating bright sun and brilliant views. As with most of the trekking areas in Nepal, the best time to visit are during spring and autumn. Spring is the time for rhododendrons to bloom while the clearest skies are found after the monsoon in October and November

Clothing

When packing for travel to Nepal, we suggest you select a wardrobe that is adaptable and allows for layering. As a rule of thumb, plain cotton, linen or cotton blend clothing is the most practical and is the coolest in summer. Good wet-weather gear is recommended during the rainy summer months. During autumn and winter months, night temperatures, especially in the mountains often dip below freezing, making warm gear essential. A warm windcheater, bag pack and stout comfortable shoes are especially recommended.

For visiting temples, monasteries and other religious institutions, slacks are more appropriate for men and pants/longer skirts appropriate for women.

Getting Around

Insurance and Medical

We recommend that travelers obtain international travel health insurance having medical insurance is highly advisable in order to obtain the best services and healthcare during your trip, should you need any.

Medical facilities in Kathmandu valley is of good standard as it offers the services of major general hospitals and private clinics. Facilities in other areas is limited. On-call doctors are available at most hotels

Money

The official currency of Nepal is the Nepalese Rupee (Rs). Major banks, hotels and exchange counters at Tribhuvan International Airport provide services for exchanging foreign currency. ATM is widely in use in Kathmandu and Pokhara. Most retail shops, restaurants and hotels accept major credit and debit cards including Visa, MasterCard, and American Express. Away from major towns, be prepared to pay cash at small shops and local markets.

Staying connected

Nepal’s network operates on a GSM protocol. You can expect mobile phone coverage in main cities and towns, except in elevated remote regions. Internet cafes abound in urban areas and many hotels offer WIFI services to their guests. However, only select hotels offer complimentary WIFI in public areas and that most hotels provide internet on a chargeable basis. The connection however may be slower than expected.

‍You can purchase a local prepaid local number/SIM card on arrival at the airport or from local mobile phone stores. Recharge facilities are easily available across the country.

Nepal’s country code is +977.
Nepal’s time zone is GMT+5:45.

Charging your device

The hotels in Nepal use 220-230v, 50 Hz, alternating current as power source. Plug types with 2 round pins (type C) or 3 round pins (type D), are the most common. If you bring electrical devices that do not meet these standards, you may need to bring the appropriate converters and adapters.

Shopping

The most popular shopping items in Nepal are the exquisite handicrafts of brilliant workmanship, sold in local markets. Many of these carry religious significance. Artistic works of stone and metal, silver and gold trinkets, and incredible wood carvings are readily available. Other kinds of souvenirs include Nepali tea, the famous Gurkha knife or Khukuri, prayer wheels, stone carvings, singing bowls, papier–maché masks, thangkas and pauvas, pashmina, carpets, jewelry etc. Bargaining is expected.

Safety

Nepal is generally a safe country and the locals are very helpful and respectful towards travelers.. However, as with any international travel, visitors should be aware of their surroundings and vigilant of their personal belongings.

Food and Drink

Nepal’s most distinctive dishes are probably dal bhat (rice and lentils) and the popular momos (dumplings). But Kathmandu has become the food capital of the world as the international cuisine that is available around the valley is quite impossible to find in any other city. Nepal does not have one distinct cooking style. However, food habits differ depending on the region. Nepali food has been influenced by Indian and Tibetan styles of cooking. Authentic Nepali taste is found in Newari and Thakali cuisines, which are available in a large number of eateries spread all over the valley. Hindus do not eat beef out of veneration for the cow.

To be safe, we recommend only drinking bottled water during your journey, as most water sources are untreated. Milk tea (Chi-a) is often served during social occasions. Raksi is a traditional Nepalese alcoholic drink distilled from rice or millet or barley or wheat and bears resemblance to tequila in proof. Beer and spirits are available throughout the country.

Gratuities

Tipping is always at your discretion, although it is usual to tip guides, drivers, porters, as well as anyone who provides a direct service. We can give you a guideline to help you determine how much and when to be prepared to tip.

People

Nepal is an incredibly diverse country and home to multiple religions, race, tribes, and cultures. The country has over 100 ethnic groups and is virtually a melting pot of many (more then 90) languages and ethnicity. Nepali people are some of the friendliest people, you’ve ever met.

Because of the inaccessibility of the mountains some people’s lives have changed very little in the last century. You can still encounter caravans of mules transporting essential goods to and from distant settlements in the Himalayas. Oxes plough the land, black smiths make tools and bullock carts still transport grain and straw from the fields in the plains. Firewood is still a major source of energy for cooking in villages which are like an open air history museum.

City life may look modern with all the trappings of modernity, but traditions and cultures remain the same. Ancient rituals are adhered to in their original form as people are deeply religious and visit the temples daily.

Language

English is widely spoken in Nepal, especially in areas that are used to tourists. Nepali is the most widely spoken language in the country.

Religion

Religions practiced in Nepal are: Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, Jainism, Sikhism, Bon, ancestor worship and animism. The majority of Nepalese are either Hindus or Buddhists and these two religions have co-existed in harmony through centuries.

General Etiquette

There are various sets of customs going back to the Hindu, Buddhist or other religious traditions. Any Buddhist temple or stupa should be circumambulated clockwise. In some Hindu temples, such as the Pashupatinath temple in Kathmandu, non-Hindus are not allowed to enter.

It is important to dress modestly while visiting temples and monasteries. Full sleeves shirts, longer skirts and trousers are advisable.

It is considered impolite to point the soles of one’s feet at anyone or towards alters, holy objects, people or a family’s fire.

It is customary to remove your shoes when entering a private home in addition to places of worship.

Public display of affection is considered inappropriate.

The right hand, considered pure, is used to eat, pay, give and receive.

Nepalese tend to be very curious – don’t be offended by locals who will constantly be befriending you for a chat.

Always ask permission if taking pictures of the locals.

Sightseeing

Most religious sites prefer that you dress modestly.

Public toilet, facilities at monuments and sites are not always up to western standards. Please take advantage of facilities in your hotel or restaurants along your trip.

Photography and Videography

Some religious sites prohibit the use of cameras for photography / videography. Others, charge a fee for using still or video cameras. Your guide will help you with procuring tickets for using cameras.

Trekking

Trekking has been the leading activity of tourists in Nepal and thousands take to the Himalayas, some doing a few days of hiking while others take on a month long trek through valleys and high mountain passes. Two of the most popular trekking regions are the Everest and Annapurna where many different trails can be followed while the other popular treks are in the Langtang and Kanchenjunga regions. The lowest point in Nepal is 59 m above sea-level in the Tarai region while the highest point is Everest, 8,848 m above sea-level. Trekkers need to acquire their permits and other documentation, either from a trekking agent or from the department of immigration in Kathmandu. (Except: Trekking permits are not required for Annapurna, Khumbu and Langtang/Helambu areas).

Local transport

Local transportation include public buses, battery run three wheelers and taxis around main cities and towns. You could even try rides on local rickshaws where they’re available.

In terms of getting around, you’re limited to few options given the mountainous terrain and limited public transport infrastructure. Traffic can be anarchic. Private transfers and local buses are affordable way to get between the main points of interest in Nepal, and often take 5-8 hours on winding highways or bumpy dirt roads, when accessing remote regions.

It’s best to factor a couple hours into any domestic flight in Nepal. Mountain weather is unpredictable and flights are often delayed for a variety of reasons, producing a backlog of passengers and often little communication from the airport or airlines as to the status of your flight.

Passport, Visa and Vaccination

Passport

A valid passport (usually valid for 6 months after your trip) is required for entry.

Visa

A visa is required to visit Bhutan. We will arrange for the entry visa and clearance. No independent travel is allowed in Bhutan and all travel arrangements must be confirmed by an authorized agency. This costs about USD$ 40. 

Vaccination

Immunizations are not required to visit Bhutan. (Except: if you are traveling from an area infected with Yellow Fever, you must have a vaccination certificate). However, it is advisable to check the latest travel health advisories from your national health center.

Airport and Baggage

Airport

Bhutan’s only international airport is Paro International Airport (PBH), located in Paro, about one and a half hours drive from the capital Thimphu. At present two carriers operate to and from Bhutan, Drukair and Bhutan Airlines.

The Druk Air and Bhutan Airlines schedules change by season, but there are usually daily flights from Kathmandu, New Delhi and Bangkok, and less frequent flights to Bagdogra and Kolkata (Calcutta) in India, Dhaka in Bangladesh, and Singapore.

The domestic airports in Yonphula in eastern Bhutan, Bumthang in central Bhutan, and Gelephu in south-central Bhutan are in limited use.

Baggage

Airlines to and from Bhutan allow one carry on bag / hand carry weighing 5 kg (11 lbs.) in economy and 7 kg (15 lbs.) in business. One checked bag at 30 kg (66 lbs.) for passengers in economy and 40 kg (88 lbs.) for business class passengers.

Climate and Clothing

Climate

The climate in Bhutan is varied due to differences in altitude present in the country and the influence of North Indian monsoons. Southern Bhutan has a hot and humid subtropical climate that is fairly unchanging throughout the year. Temperatures can vary between 15-30°C (59- 86°F). In the Central parts of the country which consists of temperate and deciduous forests, the climate is more seasonal with warm summers and cool and dry winters. In the far Northern reaches of the kingdom, the weather is much colder during winter. Mountain peaks are perpetually covered in snow and lower parts are still cool in summer owing to the high altitude terrain. Bhutan has five seasons: spring, summer, monsoon, autumn and winter.

The most visited months are March, April, May, September October and November. During these months you may expect mostly warm sunny days and cool/cold nights.

Clothing

When packing for travel to Bhutan, we suggest you select a wardrobe that is adaptable and allows for layering. As a rule of thumb, plain cotton, linen or cotton blend clothing is the most practical and is the coolest in summer. Good wet-weather gear is recommended during the rainy summer months. During autumn and winter months, night temperatures, especially in the mountains often dip below freezing, making warm gear essential. A warm windcheater, bag pack and stout comfortable shoes are especially recommended.

For visiting Dzongs, monasteries and other religious institutions, slacks are more appropriate for men and pants/longer skirts appropriate for women. Shoulders must also be covered when inside religious buildings.

Getting Around

Insurance and Medical

We recommend that travelers obtain international travel health insurance, having medical insurance is highly advisable in order to obtain the best services and healthcare during your trip, should you need any.

There are no private health clinics or physicians in Bhutan, but all district headquarters and towns have a hospital and pharmacies. The best facility is found at the Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital in Thimphu. Treatment is free, even for tourists. However, serious illnesses often require evacuation to the nearest adequate medical facility (New Delhi, Singapore, or Bangkok).

Money

The official currency of Bhutan is the is Ngultrum (Nu.) It is at par with the Indian rupee which is widely accepted in the country. Major banks, hotels and exchange counters at airport provide services for exchanging foreign currency. ATMs are located within all main towns throughout Bhutan, where money can be withdrawn using a Visa or MasterCard. Visitors can pay by credit card at most hotels and handicrafts stores. Away from major towns, be prepared to pay cash at small shops and local markets.

Staying connected

You can expect mobile phone coverage in main cities and towns, except in elevated remote regions. Internet cafes abound in urban areas and many hotels offer WIFI services to their guests. However, only select hotels offer complimentary WIFI in public areas and that most hotels provide internet on a chargeable basis. The connection however may be slower than expected. ‍Global roaming is also accessible.

Bhutan’s country code is +975.
Bhutan’s time zone is GMT+6:00.

Charging your device

The hotels in Bhutan use 220-240v, 50 Hz, alternating current as power source. Plug types with 2 round pins (type C) or 3 round pins (type D), are the most common. It is recommended that you bring flat-to-round pin converters for your electronics if necessary, however, most hotels offer multi plug sockets. Bhutan is a carbon neutral destination and the energy is clean and green generated by hydro power.

Shopping

The most popular shopping items in Bhutan include hand-woven fabrics and baskets, carved masks, thangkha paintings, colourful and creative postage stamps wooden bowls, handmade paper and finely-crafted metal objects. Most shops are closed on Tuesdays and in Thimphu and Paro, most jurisdictions and shops are closed on Saturday afternoon and Sunday. Buying and selling of antiques is forbidden in Bhutan. When buying anything of value in a shop, request an invoice for customs. Bargaining is expected.

Bhutan completely bans the sale and production of tobacco.

Safety

Bhutan is very safe country to visit. However, as with any international travel, visitors should be aware of their surroundings and vigilant of their personal belongings.

Food and Drink

Bhutan’s remote location in the Himalayas and sandwiched between India, Tibet, China and Nepal means all these neighboring countries have influenced its cuisine. It’s mountainous geography allows for limited farming. Chilies are an essential part of nearly every dish and most Bhutanese people would not enjoy a meal that was not spicy. Red rice, which is extremely nutritious and similar to brown rice, forms the main chunk of most meals in Bhutan. It is accompanied by one or two side dishes consisting of meat or vegetables. The food is hearty and filling, and butter, cheese and meat are used extensively in the cooking. Bhutanese favourite dishes include Tibetan or Nepalese-style dumplings called momos; minced chicken and pork cooked with chili; and “Emadatse” (chili and cheese stew) which is the national dish and recipes vary depending on the region. Most restaurants offer multi-cuisine options and spices can be toned down for the western palates. International fare is mostly limited to hotels.

To be safe, we recommend only drinking bottled water during your journey, as most water sources are untreated. Suja (butter tea) is a popular drink for the locals. Ara is a traditional Bhutanese alcoholic drink distilled from maize, rice, wheat or barley. Beer and spirits are available throughout the country.

Gratuities

Tipping is always at your discretion, although it is usual to tip guides, drivers, porters, as well as anyone who provides a direct service. We can give you a guideline to help you determine how much and when to be prepared to tip.

People

Bhutanese people can be generally categorized into three main ethnic groups: the Bhutia’s (or Ngalops), Nepalese (or Lhotshampas) and the Sharchops (or Tshanglas).These groups can be distinguished by language, religion, and socioeconomic characteristics. The main population is made up of Bhutia’s, who are direct descendants of Tibetans.

Bhutanese society is free of class or a caste system. Slavery was abolished by the Third King Jigme Dorji Wangchuck in the early 1950s through a royal edict. Bhutanese society generally has been relatively gender sensitive, open and good-spirited.

Bhutan has relied on its geographical isolation to protect itself from outside cultural influences. A sparsely populated country bordered by India to the south, and China to the north, Bhutan has long maintained a policy of strict isolationism, both culturally and economically, with the goal of preserving its cultural heritage and independence. Only in the last decades of the 20th century were foreigners allowed to visit the country, and only then in limited numbers. In this way, Bhutan has successfully preserved many aspects of its culture, which dates directly back to the mid-17th century.

The Bhutanese are a fun-loving people fond of song and dance, friendly contests of archery, stone pitching, traditional darts, basketball and football. 

Language

Bhutan is linguistically rich with over nineteen dialects spoken in the country. The national and official language of Bhutan is Dzongkha, a Tibetan dialect spoken mainly by Ngalop of western Bhutan. English is commonly spoken, as it is the medium of instruction in schools. In rural areas, different ethnic groups speak their own language.

Religion

Bhutanese society is centered around the practice of Buddhism and people often refer to it as the last stronghold of Vajrayana Buddhism, although, you can still come across animistic traditions and beliefs being practiced by the people. Around 75% of the population follow Buddhism, with 23% practicing Hinduism.

General Etiquette

When visiting anywhere of cultural or religious significance in Bhutan, such as Dzongs, goemba and other religious institutions, you should dress modestly and remove shoes before entering. 

It is considered rude to touch anyone on the head, or point your feet towards someone. 

Always ask permission if taking pictures of the locals.

Sightseeing

Most religious sites prefer that you dress modestly.

Public toilet, facilities at monuments and sites are not always up to western standards. Please take advantage of facilities in your hotel or restaurants along your trip.

Photography and Videography

Some religious sites prohibit the use of cameras for photography / videography. Others, charge a fee for using still or video cameras. Your guide will help you with procuring tickets for using cameras.

Local Transportation

Local transportation include public buses and taxis around main cities and towns. All transportation in Bhutan is by road and there are no train lines and very limited domestic air service.

The  roads are well-maintained and connect most towns and cities. The country has no traffic lights, instead there are traffic wardens. Traffic keeps to the left and is much more orderly than in most other South Asian countries. However the mountainous terrain and winding road restrict the average driving speed of vehicles to about 35 km/hour.

Passport, Visa and Vaccination

Passport

A valid passport (at least valid for 2 months after your trip) is required for entry.

Visa

All Holiday travelers to Sri Lanka must have Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA) for entering in to Sri Lanka. A double entry tourist visa for 30 days costs US$ 35. Applicants of the eligible countries may apply online minimum 4 days in advance of the date of arrival. Please visit http://www.eta.gov.lk for more information.

Vaccination

Immunizations are not required to visit Sri Lanka. (Except: if you are traveling from an area infected with Yellow Fever, you must have a vaccination certificate). However, it is advisable to check the latest travel health advisories from your national health center.

Airport and Baggage

Airport

Sri Lanka has two international airports – Bandaranaike International Airport (CMB) at Katunayake, 30km north of Colombo is the primary International Airport.

SriLankan Airlines, is the national Airline of Sri Lanka, and Cinnamon Air is the domestic air taxi service offering daily scheduled and charter flights from Bandaranaike International Airport to the island’s most picturesque locations.

Baggage

Baggage allowances on domestic air taxi service is one carry on bag / hand carry weighing 5 kg (11 lbs.) and one checked bag at 23 kg (51 lbs.) for passengers. There may be instances when your baggage may have to be transferred by a later flight or through secured ground transportation due to weight restrictions of the aircraft.

Climate and Clothing

Climate

Sri Lanka has a pleasant tropical climate and consists of distinct dry and wet season. Generally, the coastal area of Sri Lanka enjoy average temperatures of 28°C (82°F), while the upland areas are cooler and more temperate, with an annual average of 16-20°C (60-68°F). As with everywhere, sea-winds exert a moderating influence.

The most visited months are March, April, May, September October and November. During these months you may expect mostly warm sunny days and cool/cold nights.

Clothing

When packing for travel to Sri Lanka, we suggest you select a wardrobe that is adaptable and allows for layering. As a rule of thumb, plain cotton, linen or quick-dry clothing is the most practical. The central highlands can be cooler throughout the yearlong sleeves, sun blocks and hats will keep you protected from the sun. Include a mid-weight jacket for early-morning safaris. Comfortable shoes are essential if you plan to do walking. Lightweight rain gear is recommended any time of the year. We advise you to carry high performance mosquito repellent on your trip to Sri Lanka.

“For visiting Buddhist temples and other religious institutions, slacks are more appropriate for men and pants/longer skirts appropriate for women. Shoulders must also be covered, vest-tops are considered risqué.”

Getting Around

Insurance and Medical

We recommend that travelers obtain international travel health insurance, having medical insurance is highly advisable in order to obtain the best services and healthcare during your trip, should you need any.

Sri Lanka offers its visitors decent access to professional medical facilities. There are extensive network of private as well as public health clinics and hospitals. Most private hospitals are concentrated in the capital city of Colombo providing superior and modern health care facilities for a charge, the state run hospitals offer free of cost services. Medical facilities outside of Colombo are very limited, especially for more serious medical situations.

Money

The official currency of Sri Lanka is the Sri Lanka Rupee (SLK). It is the only currency in the world that is printed vertically. International currency can be exchanged at the arrival lounge of the airport. Major banks, moneychangers and hotels also exchange currency. You may also use ATMs for money exchange – Visa and MasterCard are widely acceptable, however, Amex cards are accepted selectively. Visitors can pay by credit card at hotels, restaurants and retail shops. Generally, a fee may be charged on the bill for the use of card as payment mode. Away from major towns, be prepared to pay cash at small shops and local markets.

Staying connected

You can expect sound telephone coverage and internet in the prominent cities and towns. It is a good idea to buy a prepaid SIM card on arrival which will save you the hefty roaming charges during your stay in the country. Free public Wi-Fi zones are available and select hotels offer WIFI services to their guests. ‍Global roaming is also accessible.

Sri Lanka’s country code is +94.
Sri Lanka’s time zone is GMT+5:30.

Charging your device

The hotels in Sri Lanka use 230-240v, 50 Hz, alternating current as power source. Plug types with 3 round pins (type D) or 3 rectangular pins (type G), are the most common. It is recommended that you bring appropriate converters for your electronics if necessary.

Shopping

The most popular shopping items in Sri Lanka are Gem stones, tea and spices, traditional handicrafts, from batik and masks to lace, furniture and wood, silver, metal ware and lacquer ware. In Colombo, there are plenty of contemporary craft shops, including a clutch of excellent boutiques. Kandy, is considered a good place to purchase handicrafts. Uncut gems are available in the gem-mining center of Ratnapura. Gem and jewellery shops are widespread – the main concentrations are in Negombo, Galle and Colombo. Bargaining is expected.

Be aware, however, that furniture and other wooden objects are considered antiques if they are more than 50 years old, and therefore prohibited for export.

Safety

Sri Lanka is generally a safe country and the locals are very helpful and respectful towards travelers. However, as with any international travel, visitors should be aware of their surroundings and vigilant of their personal belongings.

Food and Drink

Sri Lanka’s unique culinary heritage is influenced by recipes and spices brought to the island over the centuries by Indians, Arabs, Malays, Moors, Portuguese, Dutch and the English. Sri Lankan cuisine is renowned for its explosive flavours and the unique blend of exotic spices. The staple dish is rice and curry with a choice of accompaniments be it pickle, fresh or preserved seafood or coconut sambol.There are plenty of other unique specialties to explore and enjoy in the island – hoppers, string hoppers, kottu rotty, lamprais and pittu, as well as plentiful seafood. Most accommodations offer a choice of cuisine in their restaurants and options for food and drinks are widely available throughout the main cities.

“To be safe, we recommend only drinking bottled water during your journey, as most water sources are untreated. Tē (tea) is the national drink and fresh coconut water is served straight from the fruit. Beer and spirits are available throughout the island. Alcohol are not sold on poya holidays which occurs
every full moon and is important to Buddhists for religious observances.”

Gratuities

Tipping is always at your discretion, although it is usual to tip guides, drivers, porters, as well as anyone who provides a direct service. We can give you a guideline to help you determine how much and when to be prepared to tip.

People

Sri Lanka is a multi-ethnic, multi-religious and multi-cultural society, a reflection of the island’s encounter with successive foreign immigrants. The main ethnic groups are the Sinhalese and Tamils (among them, Muslims are considered as a separate entity), both originally from the Indian subcontinent. The Vedda are a minority indigenous group.

Sri Lankan’s are very warm and friendly and immensely proud of their culture – including cricket!

Language

Sinhala and Tamil are the official languages of Sri Lanka. Sinhala is widely spoken in the southern, western and central parts of the island, while Tamil is almost exclusively spoken in northern and eastern parts of the island. English is widely spoken.

Religion

Sri Lankan society is centered around the practice of Buddhism, with 70.2% of the population identifying as Buddhist. 12.6% identify as Hindu, 9.7% identify as Muslim and 6.1% identify as Christians.

General Etiquette

It is important that you respect the formalities when entering temples and other religious cultural sites. Covering your elbows and knees is important and white/ light coloured clothing is preferred. You will also need to take off your shoes when entering temples.

It is considered rude to touch anyone on the head, or point your feet towards someone. 

The right hand, considered pure, is used to eat, pay, give and receive.

It is considered impolite to take photograph with your back facing any religious shrines.

Sightseeing

Most religious sites prefer that you dress modestly.

Public toilet, facilities at monuments and sites are not always up to western standards. Please take advantage of facilities in your hotel or restaurants along your trip.

Your Sri Lanka experience may include the service of one of our chauffeur guides for your trip and chauffeured transfer services as appropriate. Despite the care we take in selecting drivers, many of them aren’t trained guides but effective intermediaries for local life – we will arrange local guide for specific knowledge in cultural sites.

Photography and Videography

Some religious sites prohibit the use of cameras for photography / videography. Others, charge a fee for using still or video cameras. Your guide will help you with procuring tickets for using cameras.

Beaches

One of the most essential Sri Lankan experiences is to spend some time lazing on an idyllic, tranquil beach. The best of the south coast include Tangalla, Beruwala, Mirissa, Bentota and Unawatuna. On the east coast, Arugam Bay, Pasikudah, Trincomalee, Nilaveli are popular. Sunbathing can be done at private beaches operated by hotels. 

Local transport

Sri Lanka has a well connected network of transportation which covers road, rail and air.

Local transportation include public buses, trains, auto-rickshaw and taxis around main cities and towns. Pick Me is a popular local tuk-tuk hailing app. Uber is available in Colombo.

The  roads are well-maintained and connect all parts of the country. Traffic can be dense and fills the road, restricting the average driving speed and journey times can be longer.

Trains are perhaps the best way to see the Sri Lankan landscape. Trains are available to all major tourist towns, but few offer first-class or air-conditioned carriages.